Novel Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Design Strategies for Enhanced Drug Delivery and Efficacy

Abstract

A crucial tactic for enhancing medication distribution, therapeutic efficacy, patient adherence, and safety is the development of novel dosage forms. Low water solubility, poor bioavailability, quick drug elimination, instability, non-specific distribution, and frequent dosing are only a few of the drawbacks of conventional dosage forms. To solve these problems and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of drugs, new techniques for designing dosage forms have been created. Drug solubility, dissolution, stability, absorption, and targeted (site-specific) delivery can all be improved by novel technologies, including advanced nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, amorphous solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations, gastro-retentive systems, mucoadhesive systems, transdermal systems, controlled-release systems, and stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems. While amorphous solid dispersions and nanocrystal technologies are essential for boosting the bioavailability of weakly water-soluble medicines, nanotechnology-based systems can be used for targeted and controlled drug administration Controlled-release devices can decrease side effects, lower the frequency of dose, and keep medication levels within the therapeutic range over extended periods of time. Despite their enormous promise, their clinical translation is still influenced by issues such formulation instability, toxicity, industrial scale-up, reproducibility, cost, and regulatory approval. The main approaches for creating innovative dosage forms and their potential to enhance medication distribution and therapeutic efficacy will be the main topics of this review.